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Alopecia Totalis
Alopecia totalis leads to the loss of all scalp hair. According
to the National Institute of Health (NIH), the cause of alopecia
totalis is unknown; however, one in five cases reports a family history
of the
condition. A related condition, alopecia areata, causes partial
hair loss in round patches of complete baldness. The most extreme form,
alopecia
universalis, involves the complete loss of all body hair.
Diagnosing alopecia totalis
Dermatologists use a scalp biopsy to identify alopecia
totalis. A small sample of scalp tissue is taken, the
tissue is examined under a microscope, and the dermatologist
makes a diagnosis based on the findings. Diagnosis
and treatment of hair loss caused by skin disease is
usually covered by insurance.
Treating alopecia totalis
Several therapies offer relief to those who suffer from
alopecia totalis or its relatives. Medium to very high
potency corticosteroids may be applied topically, or
steroids may be injected under the skin’s surface
in order to treat alopecia. Alternatively, doctors
may use ultraviolet light therapy. In some instances,
the hairless scalp may be treated with irritating agents
to stimulate hair growth. According to the NIH, none
of these treatments is completely effective.
Prognosis for alopecia totalis
Though treatment doesn’t guarantee success, many
who suffer from alopecia totalis do fully recover their
hair. Where eczema accompanies the alopecia or where
the hair loss persists over a long period, the outlook
for recovery is less optimistic. Young alopecia victims,
too, have a poorer prognosis. Since alopecia totalis
can lead to permanent hair loss, the best choice is to
consult a dermatologist who specializes in the treatment
of skin diseases.
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